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US - English Research and Composition: Signal Phrases

Unit support for AP Seminar at ZIS

Using Attributions and In-Text Citations

MLA Style

Ian Hoke reitierates, "a successful argument in an AP essay requires extensive evidence" (2).

"MLA-style in-text citations include the author's name and exact page reference" (Palmquist 262). However, if as in the example above, the author of the source is clearly identified in the body, then only the page number appears at the end of the sentence in the quotation

Attributions and signal phrases

In the example above, the verb which serves to attribute the source is "reiterates". Note that it is in the present tense which is recommended in MLA style. Some (but by no means all) attributions include:

according to claims expresses reports
acknowledges comments inquires says
affirms confirms interprets states
alleges declares muses suggests
asks denies notes thinks
asserts describes observes wonders
assumes disputes points out writes
believes emphasizes remarks reiterates

Palmquist, Mike. The Bedford Researcher, 5th ed., Bedford/St. Martin's, 2015.

Web Resources

What are In-Text Citations

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